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Chapter 12 Crossword Puzzle By: Riley Johnson
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transformation : process in which one strain of bacteria is changes by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria
bacteriophage : a virus that infects bacteria
nucleotide : monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
base pairing : principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
chromatin : granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
histone : globular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin
replication : copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
DNA polymerase : enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the original DNA
messenger RNA : RNA molecule that carries copies of instruction for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell
ribosomal RNA : type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes
transfer RNA : type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
transcription : process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA
RNA polymerase : enzyme similar to DNA polymerase, that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during replication
promoter : region of the DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA
intron : intervening sequence of DNA; does not code for a protein
exon : expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein
codon : three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
translation : decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
anticodon : group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon
mutation : change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
point mutation :mutation that affects a single nucleotide, usually by substituting one nucleotide for another
frameshift mutation : mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
operon : group of genes operating together
operator : region of chromosome in an operon to which the repressor binds when the operon is "turned off"
hox gene : series of genes that controls the organs and tissues that develop in various parts of an embryo
Chapter 12 Crossword Puzzle By: Riley Johnson
Across:2. | group of genes operating together | 5. | region of the DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA | 9. | expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein | 10. | three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid | 12. | region of chromosome in an operon to which the repressor binds when the operon is "turned off" | 15. | type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis |
| 18. | copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA | 19. | a virus that infects bacteria | 20. | mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide | 21. | change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information | 22. | type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes | 23. | enzyme similar to DNA polymerase, that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during replication |
| | Down:1. | intervening sequence of DNA; does not code for a protein | 3. | RNA molecule that carries copies of instruction for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell | 4. | mutation that affects a single nucleotide, usually by substituting one nucleotide for another | 6. | process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA | 7. | principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine | 8. | enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the original DNA |
| 10. | granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins | 11. | globular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin | 13. | group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon | 14. | monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base | 16. | decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain | 17. | series of genes that controls the organs and tissues that develop in various parts of an embryo |
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© 2013
PuzzleFast.com, Noncommercial Use Only
Chapter 12 Crossword Puzzle By: Riley Johnson
Across:2. | group of genes operating together | 5. | region of the DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA | 9. | expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein | 10. | three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid | 12. | region of chromosome in an operon to which the repressor binds when the operon is "turned off" | 15. | type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis |
| 18. | copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA | 19. | a virus that infects bacteria | 20. | mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide | 21. | change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information | 22. | type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes | 23. | enzyme similar to DNA polymerase, that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during replication |
| | Down:1. | intervening sequence of DNA; does not code for a protein | 3. | RNA molecule that carries copies of instruction for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell | 4. | mutation that affects a single nucleotide, usually by substituting one nucleotide for another | 6. | process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA | 7. | principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine | 8. | enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the original DNA |
| 10. | granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins | 11. | globular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin | 13. | group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon | 14. | monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base | 16. | decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain | 17. | series of genes that controls the organs and tissues that develop in various parts of an embryo |
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© 2013
PuzzleFast.com, Noncommercial Use Only