1. | ______ data consists of numbers that might be used in arithmetic operations. |
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2. | ______ data is composed of letters, symbols, and numerals that are not used in arithmetic operations. |
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3. | ______ memory is a computer’s use of hard disk storage to simulate RAM. |
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4. | ______ memory is a type of battery-powered integrated circuit that holds semi-permanent configuration data. [acronym] |
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5. | ______ size refers to the number of bits that a microprocessor can manipulate at one time. |
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6. | A ______ ______ processor is a single integrated circuit containing circuitry for two microprocessors. |
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7. | A dual in-line ______ (DIP) has two rows of pins that resemble caterpillar legs; these “legs” connect the IC circuitry to a circuit board. |
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8. | A dual in-line memory ______ (DIMM) is a small circuit board containing several chips, typically used for memory. |
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9. | A pincushion-like pin-grid ______ (PGA) is a square chip package with pins arranged in concentric squares, typically used for microprocessors. |
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10. | a set of tests used to measure computer hardware or software performance |
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11. | A single edge contact (SEC) ______ houses a circuit board and microprocessor chip; it looks like a cassette tape. |
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12. | a sort of “scratch pad” area of the ALU and control unit into which data or instructions are moved so that they can be processed |
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13. | a super-thin slice of semiconducting material packed with microscopic circuit elements, such as wires, transistors, capacitors, logic gates, and resistors [two words] |
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14. | a type of memory circuitry that holds the computer’s startup routine [acronym] |
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15. | An ______ device works with continuous data whereas a digital device with discrete data. |
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16. | computer’s main circuit board that provides sockets for chips, slots for small circuit boards, and the circuitry that connects all these components |
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17. | In RAM, a charged ______ represents an “on” bit, and a discharged one represents an “off” bit. |
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18. | Multiple instructions are executed at the same time during ______ processing. |
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19. | process of transforming data (such as numbers, text, music, photos, and videos) into a form that computers can use for processing [two words] |
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20. | ROM ______ is a small set of instructions that tell the computer how to access the hard disk, find the operating system, and load it into RAM. [acronym] |
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21. | substances with properties between those of a conductor and those of an insulator |
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22. | The ______ is contained on a single integrated circuit chip and is the brains of the system. |
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23. | The ______ logic unit is the part of the microprocessor that performs arithmetic and logic operations. |
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24. | The microprocessor ______ is a timing device that sets the pace for executing instructions; Megahertz (MHz) means a million cycles per second, Gigahertz (GHz) means a billion cycles per second. |
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25. | the part of the ALU that directs and coordinates processing [two words] |
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26. | The processor must complete all steps in the instruction cycle before it begins to execute the next instruction during ______ processing. |
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27. | this company is Intel’s fiercest competition with its Athlon and Opteron processors [acronym] |
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28. | this company is the world’s largest chipmaker with its Pentium, Itanium, and Celeron processors |
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29. | this is special high-speed memory that allows a microprocessor to access data more rapidly than from memory located elsewhere on the motherboard |
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30. | this number system uses ten symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (base 10) |
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31. | this number system uses two symbols: 0, 1 (base 2) |
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32. | this provides codes for 128 characters (uppercase letters, lowercase letters, punctuation symbols, and numerals); seven bits are used for each character; its extended version uses eight bits and provides codes for 256 characters which include graphical symbols [acronym] |
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33. | this technique allows a processor to begin executing an instruction before it completes the previous instruction |
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34. | this term is often used when referring to RAM and hard disk capacity; its prefix means a billion (1,000,000,000) |
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35. | this term is often used when referring to the size of medium to large computer files; its prefix means a million (1,000,000) |
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36. | this term is often used when referring to the size of small computer files; its prefix means a thousand (1,000) |
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37. | this uses 16 bits and provides codes for 65,000 characters, which is useful for representing the alphabets of multiple languages |
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38. | Volatile, temporary storage that holds the program and data the CPU is presently processing. It is called temporary storage because its contents will be lost if electrical power to the computer is disrupted or the computer is turned off. [acronym] |
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