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Energy, Life, & The Biosphere - Vocab
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Free Energy:Energy that is available to do work.
Autotroph:An organism that is capable of creating its own food from abiotic materials.
Heterotroph:An organism that obtains carbon compounds from others.
Chemosynthesis:A pathway that uses energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances to drive the formation of organic compounds.
Abiotic:A nonliving or physical component of an ecosystem.
Biotic:A living component of an ecosystem.
Biosphere:The outer portion of Earth where life is found.
1st Law of Thermodynamics:That energy cannot be destroyed or created but it can be transformed or transferred.
2nd Law of Thermodynamics:Energy laws and transformations increase the entropy of the universe.
Entropy:A measure of the degree of disorganization of a system.
Enzyme:A protein or part-protein made by an organism and is used as a catalyst in a specific biochemical reaction.
Catalyst:A chemical that promotes a reaction between other chemicals by reducing the amount of energy necessary for activation.
Active Site:The part of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate through weak chemical bonds.
Substrate:A molecule on which enzymes act.
Metabolism:The sum of all the chemical reactions taking place in an organism.
Synthesis:The process of building chemical compounds from smaller components by means of chemical reactions.
Decomposition:The process of breaking substances down into smaller chemical units.
ATP:A compound that has three phosphate groups and is used by cells to store energy and to fuel many metabolic processes.
ADP:The remaining compound when a phosphate group is removed from ATP, releasing energy.
Digestion:The process by which food breaks down into molecules that can be used or absorbed by organisms.
Intracellular Digestion:The breakdown of nutrients within a cell.
Extracellular Digestion:The breakdown of nutrients outside of cells.
Ingestion:The process of taking a substance from the environment into the body.
Peristalsis:The rhythmic waves of contraction of the smooth muscle that pushes food through the digestive tract.
Gastrin:A digestive hormone secreted by the stomach lining.
Pepsin:A protein splitting enzyme secreted by the gastric glands of the stomach.
Trypsin:An enzyme in pancreatic juice that breaks down protein molecules.
Lipase:A fat-digesting enzyme.
Villi:Fingerlike projections of the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption of digested food.
Energy, Life, & The Biosphere - Vocab
Across:4. | The part of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate through weak chemical bonds. | 5. | A measure of the degree of disorganization of a system. | 8. | A living component of an ecosystem. | 10. | The sum of all the chemical reactions taking place in an organism. | 12. | A fat-digesting enzyme. | 14. | A protein splitting enzyme secreted by the gastric glands of the stomach. | 15. | An enzyme in pancreatic juice that breaks down protein molecules. | 16. | The outer portion of Earth where life is found. | 19. | A protein or part-protein made by an organism and is used as a catalyst in a specific biochemical reaction. | 20. | A compound that has three phosphate groups and is used by cells to store energy and to fuel many metabolic processes. | 22. | Energy that is available to do work. | 23. | The breakdown of nutrients within a cell. | 24. | A chemical that promotes a reaction between other chemicals by reducing the amount of energy necessary for activation. | 25. | A nonliving or physical component of an ecosystem. | 26. | An organism that obtains carbon compounds from others. |
| | Down:1. | Fingerlike projections of the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption of digested food. | 2. | The remaining compound when a phosphate group is removed from ATP, releasing energy. | 3. | The process by which food breaks down into molecules that can be used or absorbed by organisms. | 5. | The breakdown of nutrients outside of cells. | 6. | The process of breaking substances down into smaller chemical units. | 7. | A digestive hormone secreted by the stomach lining. | 9. | The process of building chemical compounds from smaller components by means of chemical reactions. | 11. | A pathway that uses energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances to drive the formation of organic compounds. | 13. | An organism that is capable of creating its own food from abiotic materials. | 17. | A molecule on which enzymes act. | 18. | The process of taking a substance from the environment into the body. | 21. | The rhythmic waves of contraction of the smooth muscle that pushes food through the digestive tract. |
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© 2013
PuzzleFast.com, Noncommercial Use Only
Energy, Life, & The Biosphere - Vocab
Across:4. | The part of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate through weak chemical bonds. | 5. | A measure of the degree of disorganization of a system. | 8. | A living component of an ecosystem. | 10. | The sum of all the chemical reactions taking place in an organism. | 12. | A fat-digesting enzyme. | 14. | A protein splitting enzyme secreted by the gastric glands of the stomach. | 15. | An enzyme in pancreatic juice that breaks down protein molecules. | 16. | The outer portion of Earth where life is found. | 19. | A protein or part-protein made by an organism and is used as a catalyst in a specific biochemical reaction. | 20. | A compound that has three phosphate groups and is used by cells to store energy and to fuel many metabolic processes. | 22. | Energy that is available to do work. | 23. | The breakdown of nutrients within a cell. | 24. | A chemical that promotes a reaction between other chemicals by reducing the amount of energy necessary for activation. | 25. | A nonliving or physical component of an ecosystem. | 26. | An organism that obtains carbon compounds from others. |
| | Down:1. | Fingerlike projections of the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption of digested food. | 2. | The remaining compound when a phosphate group is removed from ATP, releasing energy. | 3. | The process by which food breaks down into molecules that can be used or absorbed by organisms. | 5. | The breakdown of nutrients outside of cells. | 6. | The process of breaking substances down into smaller chemical units. | 7. | A digestive hormone secreted by the stomach lining. | 9. | The process of building chemical compounds from smaller components by means of chemical reactions. | 11. | A pathway that uses energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances to drive the formation of organic compounds. | 13. | An organism that is capable of creating its own food from abiotic materials. | 17. | A molecule on which enzymes act. | 18. | The process of taking a substance from the environment into the body. | 21. | The rhythmic waves of contraction of the smooth muscle that pushes food through the digestive tract. |
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© 2013
PuzzleFast.com, Noncommercial Use Only