Puzzle 20160615290612

en CR 26 Balance of Probabilities : The Standard of Proof in a civil case. Binding Precedent : A decision of a higher court that must be followed by lower courts in the same hierarchy. Common law : Decisions made by judges that form part of the law. Court hierarchy : the ranking of courts according to the seriousness of the matters they deal with. Damages : a civil remedy (an order of a court) that aims to compensate that person who has been wronged for the injury or loss suffered. Defamation : written or verbal statements that lower a person's reputation in the eyes of the community. Defendant : person against whom a civil action is taken. Disapprove : when a court expresses disapproval of a previous precedent but is still bound by it. Distinguish : when a court decides that the material facts of a case are sufficiently different to a precedent to make the precedent not binding on that court. Doctrine of precedent : The common-law principle by which the decisions of higher courts in a hierarchy are binding on lower courts in the same hierarchy where the material facts are similar. Duty of care : A legal obligation to avoid causing harm to a person or group when harm is 'reasonably foreseeable' if care is not taken; there must be a sufficiently close relationship (sometimes referred to as 'proximity') between the two people in order for a duty of care to exist. Injunction : A civil remedy, being a court order that stops someone from doing something or compels someone to do something. Jurisdiction : The lawful authority or power of a particular court to decide a particular case. Negligence : doing or not doing something a reasonable person would or would not do in certain circumstances, which causes harm or loss to another person. Neighbour Principle : Used in negligence cases to determine whether a duty of care was owned to the person injured. A person must take reasonable care to avoid acts and omissions that can reasonably be foreseen as likely to injure their 'neighbours'; that is, the people who would be closely ad directly affected by their acts or omissions. Obiter dictum : A remark made by a judge in passing, which is not binding. Order of specific performance : A civil remedy (an order of a court) that requires someone to perform a specific act; usually applied in contract law to order someone to complete a contract. Overrule : A new case in a higher court creates a new precedent, which means the previous precedent in a different case is no longer applicable. Persuasive precedent : A decision of another court which is influential but not binding. Plaintiff : Person bringing a civil action; person who has the border of proving the case. Precedent : A court decision that is followed by another court lower in the hierarchy. Private nuisance : An act or omission that substantially and unreasonably interferes with the use and enjoyment of land. Public nuisance : An act or omission that interferes with the comfort or convenience of a number of people to a considerable degree. Ratio decidendi : The reason for a decision ( the binding part of a decision). Remedy : A way in which a court will enforce a right, impose a penalty or make another court order for the benefit of the plaintiff. It is aimed at restoring the plaintiff to the position he or she was in before the wrongful act occurred. The most common remedy is damages. Reverse : A higher court makes a different decision than a lower court in the same case on appeal. Statute : An Act of parliament; a piece of legislation. Sue : Start civil proceedings against another person. Tort : A civil wrong; an act that injures someone in some way, and for which the injured person may sue the wrongdoer for damages. Trespass to goods : Direct interference by one person with another person's possess of goods. Trespass to person : Assault, battery or false imprisonment of another person.

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Across:

3.	Person bringing a civil action; person who has the border of proving the case.
6.	Direct interference by one person with another person's possess of goods.
8.	A way in which a court will enforce a right, impose a penalty or make another court order for the benefit of the plaintiff. It is aimed at restoring the plaintiff to the position he or she was in before the wrongful act occurred. The most common remedy is damages.
13.	written or verbal statements that lower a person's reputation in the eyes of the community.
16.	The common-law principle by which the decisions of higher courts in a hierarchy are binding on lower courts in the same hierarchy where the material facts are similar.
18.	doing or not doing something a reasonable person would or would not do in certain circumstances, which causes harm or loss to another person.
19.	the ranking of courts according to the seriousness of the matters they deal with.

20.	Start civil proceedings against another person.
21.	A civil remedy, being a court order that stops someone from doing something or compels someone to do something.
22.	Assault, battery or false imprisonment of another person.
23.	A court decision that is followed by another court lower in the hierarchy.
24.	a civil remedy (an order of a court) that aims to compensate that person who has been wronged for the injury or loss suffered.
25.	A higher court makes a different decision than a lower court in the same case on appeal.

Down:

1.	A new case in a higher court creates a new precedent, which means the previous precedent in a different case is no longer applicable.
2.	A decision of a higher court that must be followed by lower courts in the same hierarchy.
3.	A decision of another court which is influential but not binding.
4.	The reason for a decision ( the binding part of a decision).
5.	when a court expresses disapproval of a previous precedent but is still bound by it.
7.	A civil wrong; an act that injures someone in some way, and for which the injured person may sue the wrongdoer for damages.
9.	An Act of parliament; a piece of legislation.

10.	The lawful authority or power of a particular court to decide a particular case.
11.	when a court decides that the material facts of a case are sufficiently different to a precedent to make the precedent not binding on that court.
12.	Used in negligence cases to determine whether a duty of care was owned to the person injured. A person must take reasonable care to avoid acts and omissions that can reasonably be foreseen as likely to injure their 'neighbours'; that is, the people who would be closely ad directly affected by their acts or omissions.
14.	A legal obligation to avoid causing harm to a person or group when harm is 'reasonably foreseeable' if care is not taken; there must be a sufficiently close relationship (sometimes referred to as 'proximity') between the two people in order for a duty of care to exist.
15.	An act or omission that substantially and unreasonably interferes with the use and enjoyment of land.
17.	An act or omission that interferes with the comfort or convenience of a number of people to a considerable degree.

Across:

3.	Person bringing a civil action; person who has the border of proving the case.
6.	Direct interference by one person with another person's possess of goods.
8.	A way in which a court will enforce a right, impose a penalty or make another court order for the benefit of the plaintiff. It is aimed at restoring the plaintiff to the position he or she was in before the wrongful act occurred. The most common remedy is damages.
13.	written or verbal statements that lower a person's reputation in the eyes of the community.
16.	The common-law principle by which the decisions of higher courts in a hierarchy are binding on lower courts in the same hierarchy where the material facts are similar.
18.	doing or not doing something a reasonable person would or would not do in certain circumstances, which causes harm or loss to another person.
19.	the ranking of courts according to the seriousness of the matters they deal with.

20.	Start civil proceedings against another person.
21.	A civil remedy, being a court order that stops someone from doing something or compels someone to do something.
22.	Assault, battery or false imprisonment of another person.
23.	A court decision that is followed by another court lower in the hierarchy.
24.	a civil remedy (an order of a court) that aims to compensate that person who has been wronged for the injury or loss suffered.
25.	A higher court makes a different decision than a lower court in the same case on appeal.

Down:

1.	A new case in a higher court creates a new precedent, which means the previous precedent in a different case is no longer applicable.
2.	A decision of a higher court that must be followed by lower courts in the same hierarchy.
3.	A decision of another court which is influential but not binding.
4.	The reason for a decision ( the binding part of a decision).
5.	when a court expresses disapproval of a previous precedent but is still bound by it.
7.	A civil wrong; an act that injures someone in some way, and for which the injured person may sue the wrongdoer for damages.
9.	An Act of parliament; a piece of legislation.

10.	The lawful authority or power of a particular court to decide a particular case.
11.	when a court decides that the material facts of a case are sufficiently different to a precedent to make the precedent not binding on that court.
12.	Used in negligence cases to determine whether a duty of care was owned to the person injured. A person must take reasonable care to avoid acts and omissions that can reasonably be foreseen as likely to injure their 'neighbours'; that is, the people who would be closely ad directly affected by their acts or omissions.
14.	A legal obligation to avoid causing harm to a person or group when harm is 'reasonably foreseeable' if care is not taken; there must be a sufficiently close relationship (sometimes referred to as 'proximity') between the two people in order for a duty of care to exist.
15.	An act or omission that substantially and unreasonably interferes with the use and enjoyment of land.
17.	An act or omission that interferes with the comfort or convenience of a number of people to a considerable degree.