Hydrocarbon Compounds & Functional Groups
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Hydrocarbon Compounds & Functional Groups
28
Hydrocarbon: The two simplest forms of this are methane and ethane.
Alkane: The carbon atoms in an ________ can be arranged in a straight chain that has branches.
Straightchain alkane: An alkane that contains any number of carbon atoms, one after the other, in a chain.
Homologous series: Series of compounds related by a constant increment of change.
Condensed Structural Formula: A structural formula that leaves out some bonds and/or atoms.
Substituent: An atom or group of atoms that can take the place of a hydrogen atom on a parent hydrocarbon molecule.
Alkyl group: A hydrocarbon substituent that is derived from an alkane.
Branchedchain alkane: An alkane with one or more alkyl groups.
Saturated compound: Alkanes are _______ because the only bonds in alkanes are single covalent bonds.
Unsaturated compound: The ratio of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms is lower in an _______ than in a saturated compound.
Alkene: A hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double covalent bonds.
Alkyne: Like alkenes, _______ are unsaturated compounds.
Isomers: Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different molecular structures.
Constitutional isomers: _______________ are compounds that have the same molecular formula, but the atoms are joined together differently.
Stereoisomers: Molecules in which the atoms are joined in the same order, but the positions of the atoms in space are different.
Cistrans isomers: Also known as geometric isomers.
Cis configuration: Similar groups are on the same side of the double bond.
Trans configuration: When similar groups extend from opposite sides of the double bond.
Asymmetric carbon: A carbon with four different atoms or groups attached.
Enantiomers: Unlike other isomers, ________ have identical physical properties such as boiling points and densities.
Cyclic hydrocarbon: A compound that contains a hydrocarbon ring.
Cycloalkane: A cyclic hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds, and is therefore saturated.
Aromatic compound: Defined as an organic compound that contains a benzene ring or other ring in which the bonding is like that of benzene.
Aliphatic compound: The properties of aromatic compounds are quite different from those of ___________.
Cracking: A controlled process by which hydrocarbons are broken down or rearranged into smaller, more useful molecules.
Functional groups: Organic compounds can be classified according to their ___________.
Halocarbon: An organic compound that contains at least one covalently bonded fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom.
Alkyl halide: A halocarbon in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an aliphatic chain.
Aryl halide: A halocarbon in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an arene ring.
Substitution reaction: ____________ are an important method of introducing new functional groups to organic molecules.
Alcohol: The general formula of an _________ is ROH.
Hydroxy group: The OH functional group in alcohols.
Fermentation: The production of ethanol from sugars by the action of yeasts or bacteria.
Addition reaction: A reaction where a substance is added at the double bond of an alkene or at the triple bond of an alkyne.
Hydration reaction: A ____________ results in the formation of an alcohol.
Hydrogenation reaction: The addition of hydrogen to a carbon-carbon double bond to produce an alkane.
Ether: The general formula of an ___________ is ROR.
Amine: An organic compound where nitrogen is bonded to a carbon group.
Carbonyl group: A functional group with the general structure C=O.
Aldehyde: The general formula of an _____________ is RCHO.
Ketone: The general formula of a ____________ is RCOR.
Carboxyl group: A functional group that consists of a carbonyl group attached to a hydroxy group.
Carboxylic acid: The general formula of a ____________ is RCOOH.
Fatty acids: Propionic acid, the three-carbon acid, literally means first ___________.
Dehydrogenation reaction: The loss of a molecule of hydrogen from an organic molecule.
Ester: The general formula of an ester is RCOOR.
Polymer: Large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules.
Monomers: Some polymers contain only one type of monomer.
Hydrocarbon Compounds & Functional Groups
Across:1. | The general formula of an _____________ is RCHO. | 3. | A hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double covalent bonds. | 5. | The general formula of an _________ is ROH. | 6. | Like alkenes, _______ are unsaturated compounds. | 7. | Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different molecular structures. | 11. | Propionic acid, the three-carbon acid, literally means first ___________. | 13. | A controlled process by which hydrocarbons are broken down or rearranged into smaller, more useful molecules. |
| 17. | The general formula of an ester is RCOOR. | 20. | Also known as geometric isomers. | 21. | An organic compound where nitrogen is bonded to a carbon group. | 23. | A structural formula that leaves out some bonds and/or atoms. | 25. | The ratio of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms is lower in an _______ than in a saturated compound. | 26. | Unlike other isomers, ________ have identical physical properties such as boiling points and densities. | 27. | Molecules in which the atoms are joined in the same order, but the positions of the atoms in space are different. |
| | Down:2. | The general formula of an ___________ is ROR. | 3. | The properties of aromatic compounds are quite different from those of ___________. | 4. | A compound that contains a hydrocarbon ring. | 8. | An organic compound that contains at least one covalently bonded fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom. | 9. | A ____________ results in the formation of an alcohol. | 10. | The general formula of a ____________ is RCOOH. | 12. | Organic compounds can be classified according to their ___________. |
| 14. | A halocarbon in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an aliphatic chain. | 15. | The general formula of a ____________ is RCOR. | 16. | Alkanes are _______ because the only bonds in alkanes are single covalent bonds. | 18. | A halocarbon in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an arene ring. | 19. | Some polymers contain only one type of monomer. | 22. | Large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. | 24. | The carbon atoms in an ________ can be arranged in a straight chain that has branches. |
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Hydrocarbon Compounds & Functional Groups
Across:1. | The general formula of an _____________ is RCHO. | 3. | A hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double covalent bonds. | 5. | The general formula of an _________ is ROH. | 6. | Like alkenes, _______ are unsaturated compounds. | 7. | Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different molecular structures. | 11. | Propionic acid, the three-carbon acid, literally means first ___________. | 13. | A controlled process by which hydrocarbons are broken down or rearranged into smaller, more useful molecules. |
| 17. | The general formula of an ester is RCOOR. | 20. | Also known as geometric isomers. | 21. | An organic compound where nitrogen is bonded to a carbon group. | 23. | A structural formula that leaves out some bonds and/or atoms. | 25. | The ratio of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms is lower in an _______ than in a saturated compound. | 26. | Unlike other isomers, ________ have identical physical properties such as boiling points and densities. | 27. | Molecules in which the atoms are joined in the same order, but the positions of the atoms in space are different. |
| | Down:2. | The general formula of an ___________ is ROR. | 3. | The properties of aromatic compounds are quite different from those of ___________. | 4. | A compound that contains a hydrocarbon ring. | 8. | An organic compound that contains at least one covalently bonded fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom. | 9. | A ____________ results in the formation of an alcohol. | 10. | The general formula of a ____________ is RCOOH. | 12. | Organic compounds can be classified according to their ___________. |
| 14. | A halocarbon in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an aliphatic chain. | 15. | The general formula of a ____________ is RCOR. | 16. | Alkanes are _______ because the only bonds in alkanes are single covalent bonds. | 18. | A halocarbon in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an arene ring. | 19. | Some polymers contain only one type of monomer. | 22. | Large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. | 24. | The carbon atoms in an ________ can be arranged in a straight chain that has branches. |
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© 2016
PuzzleFast.com, Noncommercial Use Only