Biology Ch. 8-13 Quiz
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Biology Ch. 8-13 Quiz
37
allele: Alternative form of a gene
interkinesis: Period of time between meiosis I and meiosis II during which no DNA replication takes place
homologue: Member of a homologous pair of chromosomes.
sexual reproduction: Reproduction involving meiosis, gamete formation, and fertilization
zygote: Diploid cell formed by the union of two gametes. the product of fertilization.
synapsis: Pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I.
gamete: Haploid sex cell, egg and sperm.
meiosis: Type of nuclear division that occurs as part of sexual reproduction, in which the daughter cells receive the haploid number of chromosomes in varied combinations.
anaphase: Mitotic phase during which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle.
angiogenesis: Formation of new blood vessels; one mechanism by which cancer spreads.
asexual reproduction: Reproduction that requires only one parent and does not involve gametes.
aster: Short, radiating fibers produced by the centrosomes on animal cells.
binary fission: Splitting of a parent cell into two daughter cells; serves as an asexual form of reproduction in bacteria.
Chromatin: Network of fibrils consisting of DNA and associated proteins observed within a nucleus that is not dividing.
Cyclin: Protein that cycles in quantity as the cell cycle progresses, combines with and activates the kinases that function to promote the events of the cycle.
cytokinesis: Division of the cytoplasm following mitosis and meiosis.
interphase: Stages of the cell cycle G1, S, G2 during which growth and DNA synthesis occur when the nucleus is not actively dividing.
autosome: Any chromosome other than the sex-determining pair.
codominance: Inheritance pattern in which both alleles of a gene are equally expressed.
heterozygous: Possessing unlike alleles for a particular trait.
gene locus: Possessing unlike alleles for a particular trait.
recessive Allele: Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect only in the homozygote, its expression is masked by a dominant allele.
pleiotropy: Inheritance pattern in which one gene affects many phenotypic characteristics of the individual.
phenotype: Visible expression of a genotype, brown eyes or attached earlobes.
multifactorial trait: The result of the interaction of several genes, traits.
dihybrid cross : Cross between parents that differ in two traits.
dominant allele: Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect in the heterozygote.
gene locus: Specific location of a particular gene on homologous chromosomes.
Genotype: Genes of an organism for a particular trait or traits.
Homozygous: Possessing two identical alleles for a particular trait.
incomplete dominance: Inheritance pattern in which the offspring has an intermediate phenotype
monohybrid cross: Cross between parents that differ in only one trait.
polygenic inheritance: Pattern of inheritance in which a trait is controlled by several allelic pairs
Punnett square: Grid used to calculate the expected results of simple genetic crosses.
recessive allele: Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect only in the homozygote
testcross: Cross between an individual with the dominant phenotype and an individual with the recessive phenotype.
Unifactorial: One gene consisting of a single pair of alleles, one dominant and one recessive.
wild type: Phenotype or genotype that is characteristic of the majority of individuals of a species in a natural environment.
chromosomal mutation: Alteration in the chromosome structure or number typical of the species.
chromosome theory of inheritance: The idea that chromosomes are the carriers of genes
deletion: Change in chromosome structure in which the end of a chromosome breaks off or two simultaneous breaks lead to the loss of an internal segment, often causes abnormalities
duplication: Change in chromosome structure in which a particular segment is present more than once in the same chromosome.
Euploidy: Cells containing only complete sets of chromosomes.
gene linkage: Relationship between genes on the same chromosome.
inversion: Change in chromosome structure in which a segment of a chromosome is turned around 180 degrees, this reversed sequence of genes can lead to altered gene activity and abnormalitites
karyotype: Chromosomes arranged by pairs according to their size, shape, and general appearance in mitotic karyotype metaphase.
linkage group: Alleles of different genes that are located on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together.
cell signaling pathway: begins when a chemical signal binds to a receptor protein in a target cell's plasma membrane
in vivo techniques: involve attempting to alter cells without removing them
various human disorders: result from abnormal chromosome number or structure
karyotyping: reveals changes in chromosome number and chromosome structure based on a change in the normal banding patterns of the chromosome
DNA: is transcribed to give mRNA
DNA ligase: seals DNA into an opening created by the restriction enzyme
P site: for tRNA attached to a peptide
Biology Ch. 8-13 Quiz
Across:| 1. | Inheritance pattern in which both alleles of a gene are equally expressed. | | 3. | Inheritance pattern in which one gene affects many phenotypic characteristics of the individual. | | 6. | Grid used to calculate the expected results of simple genetic crosses. | | 7. | result from abnormal chromosome number or structure | | 9. | Short, radiating fibers produced by the centrosomes on animal cells. | | 10. | Possessing two identical alleles for a particular trait. | | 13. | Protein that cycles in quantity as the cell cycle progresses, combines with and activates the kinases that function to promote the events of the cycle. | | 15. | Alternative form of a gene | | 16. | is transcribed to give mRNA | | 17. | Cross between an individual with the dominant phenotype and an individual with the recessive phenotype. |
| | 19. | Alleles of different genes that are located on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together. | | 21. | Cross between parents that differ in two traits. | | 22. | Diploid cell formed by the union of two gametes. the product of fertilization. | | 24. | Pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I. | | 25. | Relationship between genes on the same chromosome. | | 30. | Visible expression of a genotype, brown eyes or attached earlobes. | | 31. | One gene consisting of a single pair of alleles, one dominant and one recessive. | | 32. | Genes of an organism for a particular trait or traits. | | 33. | seals DNA into an opening created by the restriction enzyme |
| | Down:| 2. | Change in chromosome structure in which a particular segment is present more than once in the same chromosome. | | 3. | for tRNA attached to a peptide | | 4. | Reproduction that requires only one parent and does not involve gametes. | | 5. | Change in chromosome structure in which a segment of a chromosome is turned around 180 degrees, this reversed sequence of genes can lead to altered gene activity and abnormalitites | | 8. | Member of a homologous pair of chromosomes. | | 9. | Mitotic phase during which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle. | | 11. | Phenotype or genotype that is characteristic of the majority of individuals of a species in a natural environment. | | 12. | The result of the interaction of several genes, traits. | | 13. | Alteration in the chromosome structure or number typical of the species. |
| | 14. | Stages of the cell cycle G1, S, G2 during which growth and DNA synthesis occur when the nucleus is not actively dividing. | | 18. | Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect only in the homozygote, its expression is masked by a dominant allele. | | 20. | Type of nuclear division that occurs as part of sexual reproduction, in which the daughter cells receive the haploid number of chromosomes in varied combinations. | | 21. | Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect in the heterozygote. | | 23. | reveals changes in chromosome number and chromosome structure based on a change in the normal banding patterns of the chromosome | | 26. | Haploid sex cell, egg and sperm. | | 27. | Possessing unlike alleles for a particular trait. | | 28. | Specific location of a particular gene on homologous chromosomes. | | 29. | Cells containing only complete sets of chromosomes. |
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© 2017
PuzzleFast.com, Noncommercial Use Only
Biology Ch. 8-13 Quiz
Across:| 1. | Inheritance pattern in which both alleles of a gene are equally expressed. | | 3. | Inheritance pattern in which one gene affects many phenotypic characteristics of the individual. | | 6. | Grid used to calculate the expected results of simple genetic crosses. | | 7. | result from abnormal chromosome number or structure | | 9. | Short, radiating fibers produced by the centrosomes on animal cells. | | 10. | Possessing two identical alleles for a particular trait. | | 13. | Protein that cycles in quantity as the cell cycle progresses, combines with and activates the kinases that function to promote the events of the cycle. | | 15. | Alternative form of a gene | | 16. | is transcribed to give mRNA | | 17. | Cross between an individual with the dominant phenotype and an individual with the recessive phenotype. |
| | 19. | Alleles of different genes that are located on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together. | | 21. | Cross between parents that differ in two traits. | | 22. | Diploid cell formed by the union of two gametes. the product of fertilization. | | 24. | Pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I. | | 25. | Relationship between genes on the same chromosome. | | 30. | Visible expression of a genotype, brown eyes or attached earlobes. | | 31. | One gene consisting of a single pair of alleles, one dominant and one recessive. | | 32. | Genes of an organism for a particular trait or traits. | | 33. | seals DNA into an opening created by the restriction enzyme |
| | Down:| 2. | Change in chromosome structure in which a particular segment is present more than once in the same chromosome. | | 3. | for tRNA attached to a peptide | | 4. | Reproduction that requires only one parent and does not involve gametes. | | 5. | Change in chromosome structure in which a segment of a chromosome is turned around 180 degrees, this reversed sequence of genes can lead to altered gene activity and abnormalitites | | 8. | Member of a homologous pair of chromosomes. | | 9. | Mitotic phase during which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle. | | 11. | Phenotype or genotype that is characteristic of the majority of individuals of a species in a natural environment. | | 12. | The result of the interaction of several genes, traits. | | 13. | Alteration in the chromosome structure or number typical of the species. |
| | 14. | Stages of the cell cycle G1, S, G2 during which growth and DNA synthesis occur when the nucleus is not actively dividing. | | 18. | Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect only in the homozygote, its expression is masked by a dominant allele. | | 20. | Type of nuclear division that occurs as part of sexual reproduction, in which the daughter cells receive the haploid number of chromosomes in varied combinations. | | 21. | Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect in the heterozygote. | | 23. | reveals changes in chromosome number and chromosome structure based on a change in the normal banding patterns of the chromosome | | 26. | Haploid sex cell, egg and sperm. | | 27. | Possessing unlike alleles for a particular trait. | | 28. | Specific location of a particular gene on homologous chromosomes. | | 29. | Cells containing only complete sets of chromosomes. |
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© 2017
PuzzleFast.com, Noncommercial Use Only
